program mode

1) Компьютерная техника: Parallel Cache Management, Performance Computer Modulator, Plug Compatible Manufacturers

2) Жаргон: Please Call Me

3) Военный термин: Patrol Craft, Missile, Penalty Cost Model, Philippine Campaign Medal, Presidents Certificate of Merit, Program Coordination Meeting, passive countermeasures, planning and control memorandum

4) Техника: passive countermeasure, pending contractual matter, phase conjugate mirror, plug-compatible manufacturers, plutonium contaminated material, polarization current mode, power cooling mismatch, program change management, project category matrix, pulse-code modulation equipment, ИКМ, импульсно-кодовая модуляция

5) Бухгалтерия: Project Cost Model

6) Автомобильный термин: powertrain control module, powertrain control module - компьютер управления АКПП, Porsche Communication Management

7) Грубое выражение: Piece Of Crap Mode

8) Музыка: кодово-импульсная модуляция

9) Оптика: phase-conjugate mirror

10) Телекоммуникации: Personal Call Manager

11) Сокращение: Plug-Compatible Mainframe, Postal Commodity Machine (vending machine), Procurement Contracting Manual (USPS Procurement & Supply), Pulse Code Modulation, Pulse Compression Modulation, Pyrotechnic Countermeasures

12) Университет: Physics Chemistry And Mathematics

13) Физиология: Prevention Case Management

14) Электроника: Power Control Module, память на фазовых переходах (см. phase change memory)

15) Вычислительная техника: Personal Computer Manufacturer, Plug Compatible Machine, Pulse Coded Modulation, program-compatible machine, program-compatible manufacturer, punch-card machine, совместимая ( вычислительная) машина, Physical Connection Management (FDDI, SMT), papercopy manager, изготовитель совместимых персональных компьютеров

16) СМИ: Propose Critique Modify, Pulse Code Modulator

17) Деловая лексика: Product Change Management

18) Микроэлектроника: portable conformable mask

19) Сетевые технологии: plug-compatible manufacturer, pulse-code modulation, изготовитель совместимых ПК, производитель плат, совместимых по разъёму

20) Полимеры: phase-change material

21) Автоматика: programmable control measurement

22) Химическое оружие: Project controls manager

23) Макаров: point charge model

24) Расширение файла: Punched Card Machine, Printer Cartridge Metric (HP)

25) Нефть и газ: phase contrast microscope, модуль электропитания и управления, power and control module

26) Электротехника: pulse-count modulation

27) Майкрософт: модуляция PCM

28) Должность: Primary Care Manager

29) Аэропорты: Playa Del Carmen, Mexico

30) Единицы измерений: Per Calendar Month, Pounds Current Money

1) Компьютерная техника: Parallel Cache Management, Performance Computer Modulator, Plug Compatible Manufacturers

2) Жаргон: Please Call Me

3) Военный термин: Patrol Craft, Missile, Penalty Cost Model, Philippine Campaign Medal, Presidents Certificate of Merit, Program Coordination Meeting, passive countermeasures, planning and control memorandum

4) Техника: passive countermeasure, pending contractual matter, phase conjugate mirror, plug-compatible manufacturers, plutonium contaminated material, polarization current mode, power cooling mismatch, program change management, project category matrix, pulse-code modulation equipment, ИКМ, импульсно-кодовая модуляция

5) Бухгалтерия: Project Cost Model

6) Автомобильный термин: powertrain control module, powertrain control module - компьютер управления АКПП, Porsche Communication Management

7) Грубое выражение: Piece Of Crap Mode

8) Музыка: кодово-импульсная модуляция

9) Оптика: phase-conjugate mirror

10) Телекоммуникации: Personal Call Manager

11) Сокращение: Plug-Compatible Mainframe, Postal Commodity Machine (vending machine), Procurement Contracting Manual (USPS Procurement & Supply), Pulse Code Modulation, Pulse Compression Modulation, Pyrotechnic Countermeasures

12) Университет: Physics Chemistry And Mathematics

13) Физиология: Prevention Case Management

14) Электроника: Power Control Module, память на фазовых переходах (см. phase change memory)

15) Вычислительная техника: Personal Computer Manufacturer, Plug Compatible Machine, Pulse Coded Modulation, program-compatible machine, program-compatible manufacturer, punch-card machine, совместимая ( вычислительная) машина, Physical Connection Management (FDDI, SMT), papercopy manager, изготовитель совместимых персональных компьютеров

16) СМИ: Propose Critique Modify, Pulse Code Modulator

17) Деловая лексика: Product Change Management

18) Микроэлектроника: portable conformable mask

19) Сетевые технологии: plug-compatible manufacturer, pulse-code modulation, изготовитель совместимых ПК, производитель плат, совместимых по разъёму

20) Полимеры: phase-change material

21) Автоматика: programmable control measurement

22) Химическое оружие: Project controls manager

23) Макаров: point charge model

24) Расширение файла: Punched Card Machine, Printer Cartridge Metric (HP)

25) Нефть и газ: phase contrast microscope, модуль электропитания и управления, power and control module

26) Электротехника: pulse-count modulation

27) Майкрософт: модуляция PCM

28) Должность: Primary Care Manager

29) Аэропорты: Playa Del Carmen, Mexico

30) Единицы измерений: Per Calendar Month, Pounds Current Money

1) Общая лексика: diesel particulate emission

2) Компьютерная техника: Dos Protected Mode, Dual Port Memory

3) Авиация: цветной метод контроля, Design Program Meeting

4) Военный термин: Defense program memorandum, Department Personnel Manual, Deputy Project Manager, Deputy Provost Marshal, Dissemination Program Manager, Draft Presidential Memorandum, data processing machine, deputy program manager, designated for prompt mobilization, development proposal manager, digital plotter map, direct procurement method, dual-purpose missile, Disruptive Pattern Material( камуфлированная расцветка британской полевой формы одежды)

5) Техника: Defect Per Million, decades per minute, dichroic parametric mirror, прямая маркировка деталей

6) Сельское хозяйство: dry poultry manure

7) Химия: Damp Proof Membrane

8) Сокращение: Data Processing Module, Defense Products Marketing Inc. (USA), Deputy Prime Minister, Disruptive Pattern Material, Disintegrations Per Minute

9) Физиология: Doctor of Podiatric Medicine

10) Электроника: Digital Panel Meters, Drive Processor Board

11) Вычислительная техника: Defects Per Million, digital panel meter, руководитель отдела обработки данных, (число) документов в минуту (характеристика скорости работы читающих устройств), (Data Protection Manager) Менеджер защиты данных, двухпроцессорная обработка, программа управления обработкой данных

12) Нефть: drill pipe measurement, drillpipe measurement, измерение бурильной трубы (drill pipe measurement), измерение глубины по длине бурильной колонны (drill pipe measurement)

13) Транспорт: Downtown People Mover

14) Деловая лексика: Decentralized Production Management

15) Сетевые технологии: data processing manager, dual processor mode

16) Электротехника: digital protection module

17) Чат: Don't Punch Me

18) Единицы измерений: Decays Per Minute, Digits Per Minute, Dollars Per Mile

1) Компьютерная техника: Parallel Cache Management, Performance Computer Modulator, Plug Compatible Manufacturers

2) Жаргон: Please Call Me

3) Военный термин: Patrol Craft, Missile, Penalty Cost Model, Philippine Campaign Medal, Presidents Certificate of Merit, Program Coordination Meeting, passive countermeasures, planning and control memorandum

4) Техника: passive countermeasure, pending contractual matter, phase conjugate mirror, plug-compatible manufacturers, plutonium contaminated material, polarization current mode, power cooling mismatch, program change management, project category matrix, pulse-code modulation equipment, ИКМ, импульсно-кодовая модуляция

5) Бухгалтерия: Project Cost Model

6) Автомобильный термин: powertrain control module, powertrain control module - компьютер управления АКПП, Porsche Communication Management

7) Грубое выражение: Piece Of Crap Mode

8) Музыка: кодово-импульсная модуляция

9) Оптика: phase-conjugate mirror

10) Телекоммуникации: Personal Call Manager

11) Сокращение: Plug-Compatible Mainframe, Postal Commodity Machine (vending machine), Procurement Contracting Manual (USPS Procurement & Supply), Pulse Code Modulation, Pulse Compression Modulation, Pyrotechnic Countermeasures

12) Университет: Physics Chemistry And Mathematics

13) Физиология: Prevention Case Management

14) Электроника: Power Control Module, память на фазовых переходах (см. phase change memory)

15) Вычислительная техника: Personal Computer Manufacturer, Plug Compatible Machine, Pulse Coded Modulation, program-compatible machine, program-compatible manufacturer, punch-card machine, совместимая ( вычислительная) машина, Physical Connection Management (FDDI, SMT), papercopy manager, изготовитель совместимых персональных компьютеров

16) СМИ: Propose Critique Modify, Pulse Code Modulator

17) Деловая лексика: Product Change Management

18) Микроэлектроника: portable conformable mask

19) Сетевые технологии: plug-compatible manufacturer, pulse-code modulation, изготовитель совместимых ПК, производитель плат, совместимых по разъёму

20) Полимеры: phase-change material

21) Автоматика: programmable control measurement

22) Химическое оружие: Project controls manager

23) Макаров: point charge model

24) Расширение файла: Punched Card Machine, Printer Cartridge Metric (HP)

25) Нефть и газ: phase contrast microscope, модуль электропитания и управления, power and control module

26) Электротехника: pulse-count modulation

27) Майкрософт: модуляция PCM

28) Должность: Primary Care Manager

29) Аэропорты: Playa Del Carmen, Mexico

30) Единицы измерений: Per Calendar Month, Pounds Current Money

load [ləʊd]

1 noun

(a) (of lorry, ship etc) charge f, chargement m; (carrying capacity) charge f;

∎ maximum load 5 tonnes (sign) charge maximum 5 tonnes;

∎ she was carrying a load of books/washing elle portait des livres/du linge;

∎ to be carrying a heavy load être lourdement chargé;

∎ a load of gravel un chargement de gravier;

∎ one horse can't pull such a heavy load un seul cheval ne peut pas tirer une charge aussi lourde;

∎ we moved all the stuff in ten loads nous avons tout transporté en dix voyages

(b) figurative (burden) fardeau m, charge f;

∎ the reforms should lighten the load of classroom teachers les réformes devraient faciliter la tâche des enseignants;

∎ hire somebody to share the load embauchez quelqu'un pour vous faciliter la tâche

∎ that's a load off my mind! me voilà soulagé d'un poids!;

∎ take a load off! détends-toi!

(c) (batch of laundry) machine f;

∎ I've two more loads to do j'ai encore deux machines à faire

(d) Electricity, Building industry & Technology charge f;

∎ safe load charge f de sécurité;

∎ the machine is working at full load la machine fonctionne ou travaille à pleine charge;

∎ under load en charge;

∎ Electricity to shed the load délester

(e) Stock Exchange frais mpl d'achat ou d'acquisition

(f) (idioms) familiar

∎ get a load of this (look) vise un peu ça; (listen) écoute-moi ça;

∎ American familiar he has a load on, he's carrying a load il est complètement bourré;

∎ vulgar to shoot one's load (ejaculate) décharger

2 transitive verb

(a) (person, animal, vehicle) charger;

∎ to load sth with sth charger qch sur qch;

∎ load the bags into the car chargez ou mettez les sacs dans la voiture;

∎ the ship is loading grain on est en train de charger le navire de céréales;

∎ he was loaded with shopping il avait les bras chargés de courses;

∎ loaded with cares accablé de soucis;

∎ I'm going to load some more work onto you je vais vous confier encore un peu de travail;

∎ I don't think it's fair to load all the work onto one person je trouve que ce n'est pas juste de donner tout le travail à une seule personne

(b) (camera, gun, machine) charger;

∎ load! take aim! fire! chargez! en joue! feu!;

∎ to load a film/tape mettre une pellicule/une cassette;

∎ load the cassette into the recorder introduisez la cassette dans le magnétophone

(c) Computing charger;

∎ to load a program into the memory charger un programme en mémoire

(d) (insurance premium) majorer, augmenter

(e) Technology (spring) serrer, bander

(f) (idioms)

∎ to load the dice piper les dés;

∎ figurative to load the dice against sb défavoriser qn;

∎ the dice are loaded against us nous n'aurons pas la partie facile

3 intransitive verb

(a) (receive freight) faire le chargement;

∎ the ship is loading le navire est en cours de chargement;

∎ the tankers load off shore les pétroliers font le chargement en mer;

∎ Cars no loading or unloading between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. (sign) chargement ou déchargement interdits entre 9 h et 16 h

(b) (camera, gun) se recharger

(c) Computing (computer program) se charger

4 compound-forming noun

Computing (program) de chargement; (module) chargeable

5 a load of adjective

British familiar

∎ what a load of rubbish! c'est vraiment n'importe quoi!

►► load bed (of truck) plateau m de chargement;

load box (on vehicle) soute f;

load carrying capacity charge f utile;

load factor (of plane) coefficient m de remplissage; Electricity facteur m ou coefficient m de charge; Technology facteur m de charge;

Nautical load line ligne f de charge;

Computing load mode mode m chargement;

Electricity load shedding délestage m

➲ load down separable transitive verb

charger (lourdement);

∎ he was loaded down with packages il avait des paquets plein les bras;

∎ I'm loaded down with work je suis surchargé de travail;

∎ to be loaded down with worry être accablé de soucis

➲ load up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (truck, ship etc) charger;

∎ load the wheelbarrow up with bricks remplissez la brouette de briques

(b) Computing (disk, program) charger

2 intransitive verb

charger

1) Компьютерная техника: Super Short Print

2) Морской термин: ПОБС (План обеспечения безопасности судна) (Ship Security Plan)

3) Американизм: Spanish Stalinist Program, State Supplemental Payment

4) Спорт: Safe Swimming Place, Silhouette Sport Pistol

5) Военный термин: SACEUR schedule program, SIGINT Support Plan, SIOP Support Program, Scientific Services Program, Single Stock Point, Single-Shot Probability of Damage, Single-Source Processor, Support Strategies And Planning, Support Strategies Planning, scheduled strike plan, scouting seaplane, selective strike plan, semi-self-propelled, silo support plan, single-shot probability, sonar signal processor, source selection plan, stable semisubmerged platform, standby status panel, strategic systems project, supervisory surveillance program, system support program, Scheduled Strike Program (NATO), Submarine Submarine Personnel (Submarine Transport)

6) Техника: Sideways Star Press, Simple Sphere Packing, Stainless Steel Polished, small-scale parallel, sodium sampling package, solid-state physics, space shuttle program, staff site position, static sodium pot, steady-state pulse, submersible sump pump

7) Сельское хозяйство: soluble sodium percentage

8) Математика: план одноступенчатого выборочного контроля (single sampling plan), стационарная вероятность (steady-state probability)

9) Статистика: Sums of Squares and Products

10) Автомобильный термин: Satellite Service Provider

11) Грубое выражение: Shameless Self Promotion

12) Политика: Scottish Socialist Party, Swing State Project

13) Телекоммуникации: Secure Service Provider, Service Switching Point, Siemens Switching Processor, Special Service Package, Switch-to-Switch Protocol, Service Switching Point (SS7)

14) Сокращение: IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing, Selective Spectral Processor, Service Switching Point (network), Single Shot Probability, Sound Speed Profile, Stable Sensor Platform, Strategic Systems Programs, System Security Plan, System Security Policy, ship speed, Supervisor Mode Stack Pointer, простой суперфосфат (single superphosphate)

15) Университет: Scholarly Societies Project, Student Support Program, Summer Science Program

16) Физика: Spectroscopy Society of Pittsburgh

17) Школьное выражение: School Safety Software, School Spirit and Pride

18) Электроника: Signalling and Switching Processor, Solid State Polymerization

19) Вычислительная техника: Standard Printer Port, Structured Support Program, System Stack Pointer, server software package, Silicon Switch Processor (Cisco), Switch to Switch Protocol (DLSW, RFC 1795), System Support Program (OS, IBM), Партнёр по продажам и обслуживанию (Hewlett-Packard: Sales and Service Partner)

20) Нефть: статический потенциал самопроизвольной поляризации (static spontaneus potential)

21) Связь: Service Switching Point (IN)

22) Космонавтика: нэп

23) Геофизика: static SP

24) Фирменный знак: Silent Stick Productions, Solutions Service Provider, Specialty Silicone Products, Inc., SteamShovel Press, Storage Service Provider, Stun Sounds Products, Support Service Provider, Supreme Power Parts

25) СМИ: Spanish Stalinist Programme

26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: static spontaneous potential

27) Образование: School For Special Purposes

28) Сетевые технологии: Self Stabilizing Protocol, Server To Server Protocol, Synchronous Serial Port, программная обработка сигналов

29) Солнечная энергия: космическая солнечная энергия, space solar power

30) Полимеры: simultaneous sequence production

31) Химическое оружие: Site Safety Plan, System Safety Program, System Support Package

32) Молочное производство: Sorghum Soy Pellets

33) Безопасность: Security Support Provider

34) Расширение файла: SAS Transport Datafile

35) Нефть и газ: • Сервисная платформа с системой спутниковой навигации (SSP( spherical floating Satellite Service Platform))

36) Ebay. Solid-State Polycondensation-твердофазная поликонденсация (используется в нефтехимических процессах)

37) Общественная организация: Society for Scholarly Publishing

38) Чат: Super Short Person

39) NYSE. E. W. Scripps Company of Ohio CLass A

40) НАСА: Statistical Signal Processing

41) Программное обеспечение: Samba Sharing Package, Smalltalk Server Page

1) Компьютерная техника: Super Short Print

2) Морской термин: ПОБС (План обеспечения безопасности судна) (Ship Security Plan)

3) Американизм: Spanish Stalinist Program, State Supplemental Payment

4) Спорт: Safe Swimming Place, Silhouette Sport Pistol

5) Военный термин: SACEUR schedule program, SIGINT Support Plan, SIOP Support Program, Scientific Services Program, Single Stock Point, Single-Shot Probability of Damage, Single-Source Processor, Support Strategies And Planning, Support Strategies Planning, scheduled strike plan, scouting seaplane, selective strike plan, semi-self-propelled, silo support plan, single-shot probability, sonar signal processor, source selection plan, stable semisubmerged platform, standby status panel, strategic systems project, supervisory surveillance program, system support program, Scheduled Strike Program (NATO), Submarine Submarine Personnel (Submarine Transport)

6) Техника: Sideways Star Press, Simple Sphere Packing, Stainless Steel Polished, small-scale parallel, sodium sampling package, solid-state physics, space shuttle program, staff site position, static sodium pot, steady-state pulse, submersible sump pump

7) Сельское хозяйство: soluble sodium percentage

8) Математика: план одноступенчатого выборочного контроля (single sampling plan), стационарная вероятность (steady-state probability)

9) Статистика: Sums of Squares and Products

10) Автомобильный термин: Satellite Service Provider

11) Грубое выражение: Shameless Self Promotion

12) Политика: Scottish Socialist Party, Swing State Project

13) Телекоммуникации: Secure Service Provider, Service Switching Point, Siemens Switching Processor, Special Service Package, Switch-to-Switch Protocol, Service Switching Point (SS7)

14) Сокращение: IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal Processing, Selective Spectral Processor, Service Switching Point (network), Single Shot Probability, Sound Speed Profile, Stable Sensor Platform, Strategic Systems Programs, System Security Plan, System Security Policy, ship speed, Supervisor Mode Stack Pointer, простой суперфосфат (single superphosphate)

15) Университет: Scholarly Societies Project, Student Support Program, Summer Science Program

16) Физика: Spectroscopy Society of Pittsburgh

17) Школьное выражение: School Safety Software, School Spirit and Pride

18) Электроника: Signalling and Switching Processor, Solid State Polymerization

19) Вычислительная техника: Standard Printer Port, Structured Support Program, System Stack Pointer, server software package, Silicon Switch Processor (Cisco), Switch to Switch Protocol (DLSW, RFC 1795), System Support Program (OS, IBM), Партнёр по продажам и обслуживанию (Hewlett-Packard: Sales and Service Partner)

20) Нефть: статический потенциал самопроизвольной поляризации (static spontaneus potential)

21) Связь: Service Switching Point (IN)

22) Космонавтика: нэп

23) Геофизика: static SP

24) Фирменный знак: Silent Stick Productions, Solutions Service Provider, Specialty Silicone Products, Inc., SteamShovel Press, Storage Service Provider, Stun Sounds Products, Support Service Provider, Supreme Power Parts

25) СМИ: Spanish Stalinist Programme

26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: static spontaneous potential

27) Образование: School For Special Purposes

28) Сетевые технологии: Self Stabilizing Protocol, Server To Server Protocol, Synchronous Serial Port, программная обработка сигналов

29) Солнечная энергия: космическая солнечная энергия, space solar power

30) Полимеры: simultaneous sequence production

31) Химическое оружие: Site Safety Plan, System Safety Program, System Support Package

32) Молочное производство: Sorghum Soy Pellets

33) Безопасность: Security Support Provider

34) Расширение файла: SAS Transport Datafile

35) Нефть и газ: • Сервисная платформа с системой спутниковой навигации (SSP (spherical floating Satellite Service Platform))

36) Ebay. Solid-State Polycondensation-твердофазная поликонденсация (используется в нефтехимических процессах)

37) Общественная организация: Society for Scholarly Publishing

38) Чат: Super Short Person

39) NYSE. E. W. Scripps Company of Ohio CLass A

40) НАСА: Statistical Signal Processing

41) Программное обеспечение: Samba Sharing Package, Smalltalk Server Page

1) селектор

а) устройство с функцией выбора, отбора или выделения

б) программа выбора, отбора или выделения

в) вчт функция определения состояния

г) инструмент выделения объектов в компьютерной графике

2) тлф искатель

3) переключатель

•

- ac/battery selector

1) селектор

а) устройство с функцией выбора, отбора или выделения

б) программа выбора, отбора или выделения

в) вчт. функция определения состояния

г) инструмент выделения объектов в компьютерной графике

2) тлф. искатель

3) переключатель

•

- ac voltage selector

1) управление; регулирование || управлять; регулировать

2) контроль || контролировать

3) управляющее устройство; устройство управления; регулятор

4) профессиональное мастерство, квалификация, техническая квалификация

5) pl органы управления

•

- 2 1/2 D control

   1) Programs and the Complexity of Human Mental Processes

   In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)

   2) Artificial Intelligence Is an Engineering Discipline

   Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)

   3) A Sceptical View of Artificial Intelligence

   Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....

   When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)

   4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually

   Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   5) Problems in Machine Intelligence Arise Because Things Obvious to Any Person Are Not Represented in the Program

   Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)

   6) The Meaning of a Symbolic Description

   What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)

   7) The Principle of Artificial Intelligence

   [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)

   8) Artificial Intelligence Recognizes the Need for Knowledge in Its Systems

   The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)

   9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form

   The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)

    10) There Are Many Types of Reasoning

   There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:

    Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."

    Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)

    11) Programs Are Beginning to Do Things That Critics Have Asserted to Be Impossible

   Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)

    12) The Synthesis of Man and Machine

   Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)

    13) The Thesis of Good Old-Fashioned Artificial Intelligence (GOFAI)

   The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)

    14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation

   It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)

    15) Four Kinds of Artificial Intelligence

   We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.

   ♦ Nonpsychological AI

   Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.

   ♦ Weak Psychological AI

   Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.

   ♦ Strong Psychological AI

... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)

   ♦ Suprapsychological AI

   Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)

    16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts

   Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)

    17) Form and Content Are Not Fundamentally Different

   Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System

   Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)

    19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence

   The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.

   The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)

    20) Mathematical Logic Provides the Basis for Theory in AI

   The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....

   AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)

    21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions

   In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)

    22) Definitions of Artificial Intelligence

   Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)

    23) The Computer Can Not Be a Model of the Mind

   Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)

    24) Computers Will Not Always Be Inferior to Human Brains

   The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

1) Компьютерная техника: управление эффективностью деятельности компании (corporate performance management)

2) Геология: (сокр. от) cross-polar microscopy = микроскопия (в поляризованном свете) со скрещенными плоскостями поляризации

3) Авиация: Consumable Products Manual, container/pallet message, Corrosion Prevention Manual

4) Медицина: Clinical Program Manager

5) Военный термин: central processing module, combat air patrol mission, command processor module, command program memorandum

6) Техника: cards per minute, command processing module, communications processor module, count per minute

7) Религия: Church Planting Movement

8) Страхование: (contractor's plants and machinery) страхование строительной техники и оборудования, Contractors Plant & Machinery

9) Оптика: colliding pulse mode

10) Телекоммуникации: (cost per thousand) (рекламная метрика) цена (в определенной валюте) за привлечение тысячи посетителей

11) Сокращение: Center for Preventive Medicine, Centre de Programmation de la Mer (France), Civil, Police, Military activities (Thailand), Control Processor Module, Control Program for Microcomputers (sometimes CP/M), card per minute, Control Program Monitor (sometimes CP/M), Corporate Performance Management

12) Университет: Colleges Prayer Meeting

13) Физиология: Chlorpheniramine Maleate

14) Вычислительная техника: Cost Per Minute, Communication Processor Module (Motorola), Control Program for Microcomputers (OS, DR), Control Program for Microcomputers (sometimes CP/M), модуль обработки команд

15) Нефть: инструкция по предотвращению коррозии (corrosion prevention manual)

16) Онкология: Cyclophosphamide (anti cancer drug)

17) Воздухоплавание: Central Processor Modules

18) Экология: Commission for Polar Meteorology

19) Энергетика: МПМ, механизм платы за мощность

20) Реклама: Стоимость тысячи контактов, стоимость за тысячу показов баннеров, цена за тысячу показов (Cost Per Mile)

21) СМИ: Cost Per thousand

22) Деловая лексика: Consumer Product Management

23) Недвижимость: сертифицированный управляющий недвижимостью (http://www.proestate.ru/index-2-57.html)

24) Сетевые технологии: Control Port Manager, critical path method, метод критического пути

25) Сахалин Р: Computational Pipeline Monitoring

26) Расширение файла: Central Processor Molecules, Constant Passive Motion, Control Path Method, Crucible Powder Metallurgy

27) Энергосистемы: capacity payment mechanism

28) Газовые турбины: Certified Project Manager

29) Фармация: Cohesive Polydensified Matrix

30) Должность: Certified Property Manager, Certified Purchasing Manager, Chief Project Manager

31) НАСА: Command Pulse Module

32) Программное обеспечение: Control Program Module (early operating system for computers)

33) Единицы измерений: Conference Participant Minute, Copies Per Month, Cost Per Mil, Cost Per Mille, Cost Per Million

34) Международная торговля: Cipher Pluggable Module

1) Компьютерная техника: управление эффективностью деятельности компании (corporate performance management)

2) Геология: (сокр. от) cross-polar microscopy = микроскопия (в поляризованном свете) со скрещенными плоскостями поляризации

3) Авиация: Consumable Products Manual, container/pallet message, Corrosion Prevention Manual

4) Медицина: Clinical Program Manager

5) Военный термин: central processing module, combat air patrol mission, command processor module, command program memorandum

6) Техника: cards per minute, command processing module, communications processor module, count per minute

7) Религия: Church Planting Movement

8) Страхование: (contractor's plants and machinery) страхование строительной техники и оборудования, Contractors Plant & Machinery

9) Оптика: colliding pulse mode

10) Телекоммуникации: (cost per thousand) (рекламная метрика) цена (в определенной валюте) за привлечение тысячи посетителей

11) Сокращение: Center for Preventive Medicine, Centre de Programmation de la Mer (France), Civil, Police, Military activities (Thailand), Control Processor Module, Control Program for Microcomputers (sometimes CP/M), card per minute, Control Program Monitor (sometimes CP/M), Corporate Performance Management

12) Университет: Colleges Prayer Meeting

13) Физиология: Chlorpheniramine Maleate

14) Вычислительная техника: Cost Per Minute, Communication Processor Module (Motorola), Control Program for Microcomputers (OS, DR), Control Program for Microcomputers (sometimes CP/M), модуль обработки команд

15) Нефть: инструкция по предотвращению коррозии (corrosion prevention manual)

16) Онкология: Cyclophosphamide (anti cancer drug)

17) Воздухоплавание: Central Processor Modules

18) Экология: Commission for Polar Meteorology

19) Энергетика: МПМ, механизм платы за мощность

20) Реклама: Стоимость тысячи контактов, стоимость за тысячу показов баннеров, цена за тысячу показов (Cost Per Mile)

21) СМИ: Cost Per thousand

22) Деловая лексика: Consumer Product Management

23) Недвижимость: сертифицированный управляющий недвижимостью (http://www.proestate.ru/index-2-57.html)

24) Сетевые технологии: Control Port Manager, critical path method, метод критического пути

25) Сахалин Р: Computational Pipeline Monitoring

26) Расширение файла: Central Processor Molecules, Constant Passive Motion, Control Path Method, Crucible Powder Metallurgy

27) Энергосистемы: capacity payment mechanism

28) Газовые турбины: Certified Project Manager

29) Фармация: Cohesive Polydensified Matrix

30) Должность: Certified Property Manager, Certified Purchasing Manager, Chief Project Manager

31) НАСА: Command Pulse Module

32) Программное обеспечение: Control Program Module (early operating system for computers)

33) Единицы измерений: Conference Participant Minute, Copies Per Month, Cost Per Mil, Cost Per Mille, Cost Per Million

34) Международная торговля: Cipher Pluggable Module

1) ключ; переключатель

2) кнопка; клавиша

3) телеграфный ключ, манипулятор; работать телеграфным ключом, манипулировать

4) вчт. код, шифр

5) ключевой сигнал

•

- activate key

 

обычная практика
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики

• энергетика в целом

EN

• routine

 

обычная процедура
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики

• энергетика в целом

EN

• routine

 

повседневный
текущий
(об обслуживании и ремонте)
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]

Тематики

• нефтегазовая промышленность

Синонимы

• текущий

EN

• routine

 

повседневный уход за оборудованием
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики

• энергетика в целом

EN

• routine

 

подпрограмма
Программа, являющаяся частью другой программы и удовлетворяющая требованиям языка программирования к структуре программы.
[ ГОСТ 19781-90]

подпрограмма
процедура
1) (рутинная) операция, (рутинная) процедура
2) устар. стандартная программа (см. тж program), процедура, подпрограмма
3) редк. алгоритм
4) ООП метод (элемент определения класса - функция или процедура) [ABBY Lingvo].
[ http://www.morepc.ru/dict/]

подпрограмма
Часть программы, имеющая самостоятельное значение.
[ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

Тематики

• обеспеч. систем обраб. информ. программное
• экономика

EN

• routine
• subprogram
• subroutine

 

режим работы
-
[Интент]

EN

• action
• Beh
• behavior
• behaviour
• condition
• duty
• method of working
• mode
• mode of behavior
• mode of behaviour
• mode of operation
• mode of working
• operating conditions
• operating mode
• operating regime
• operating running regime
• operation
• practice
• regime
• routine
• routine of work
• run
• schedule
• state
• type of operation

 

установившаяся практика
работа по графику
заведенный порядок
плановая последовательность
программа
подпрограмма
алгоритм
повседневный
текущий (об обслуживании и ремонте)
обычный
шаблонный
—
[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]

Тематики

• информационные технологии в целом

Синонимы

• работа по графику
• заведенный порядок
• плановая последовательность
• программа
• подпрограмма
• алгоритм
• повседневный
• текущий (об обслуживании и ремонте)
• обычный
• шаблонный

EN

• routine

 

установившаяся практика или режим работы
заведенный порядок
режим работы
обычный
текущий
—
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]

Тематики

• нефтегазовая промышленность

Синонимы

• заведенный порядок
• режим работы
• обычный
• текущий

EN

• routine

 

установленный порядок
режим
(напр. работы)
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики

• энергетика в целом

Синонимы

• режим

EN

• routine

1) Компьютерная техника: Audio Mpeg Player, Automated Modular Platform

2) Авиация: Программа технического обслуживания ВС (Aircraft Maintenance Programme), Airline Maintenance Procedure

3) Морской термин: Alternative Maritime Power

4) Военный термин: Acquisition Master Plan, Allied Mining and Mine Countermeasures Publication, American Military Police, Amplification, Army Military Police, Army Mobilization Plan, Army Modernization Plan, Army materiel plan, Automated Message Processing, acquisition management plan, adaptive microwave proximity, additional military production, advanced Minuteman platform, advanced Minuteman platform AMOSS, adaptive mission oriented software system, advanced management program, advanced manned penetrator, advanced multipurpose, aircraft/missile project, altitude manned penetrator, annual material plan, army mine planter, assisted maintenance period, aviation modernization program, avionics modernization program, Analysis of Mobility Platform (model)

5) Техника: Association of microelectronic professionals, accident management procedures, active medium propagation, adenosine monophosphate, avalanche mode photodiode, average melting point

6) Шутливое выражение: Another Mpeg Page

7) Ветеринария: Americans for Medical Progress

8) Музыка: Alternative Music Pub

9) Телекоммуникации: Administrative Module Processor, амплитуда, Active Monitor Present (Token Ring)

10) Сокращение: Advanced Management Program (at W. F. Bolger Management Academy and others), Advanced Modular Processor, Air Member for Personnel, Aircraft Mishap Prevention programme (USA), Airlift Master Plan, Area Mail Processing, Army Modernization Plan (US Army), Automated Mission Planning, Aviation Modernization Plan (US Army)

11) Вычислительная техника: Advanced Metal Powder, асимметричная мультипроцессорная обработка

12) Нефть: average market price

13) Генетика: АМФ (нуклеотид, состоящий из аденина, рибозы и одного остатка фосфорной кислоты, в результате фосфорилирования образует АДФ и затем АТФ, что сопровождается накоплением энергии; одной из форм А. является циклический АМФ), аденозинмонофосфат

14) Фирменный знак: Advanced Media Productions

15) СМИ: All Media Pass, Association of Media Producers, Audio Media Productions

16) Образование: Activity Motivation Program

17) Сетевые технологии: Active Measurement Program, Archive Management Package, asymmetric multiprocessing, asymmetrical multiprocessing

18) Полимеры: acrylic multipolymer, adenosinemonophosphate, aminomethylpropane

19) Авиационная медицина: adenosine-5'-monophosphate

1) Компьютерная техника: Audio Mpeg Player, Automated Modular Platform

2) Авиация: Программа технического обслуживания ВС (Aircraft Maintenance Programme), Airline Maintenance Procedure

3) Морской термин: Alternative Maritime Power

4) Военный термин: Acquisition Master Plan, Allied Mining and Mine Countermeasures Publication, American Military Police, Amplification, Army Military Police, Army Mobilization Plan, Army Modernization Plan, Army materiel plan, Automated Message Processing, acquisition management plan, adaptive microwave proximity, additional military production, advanced Minuteman platform, advanced Minuteman platform AMOSS, adaptive mission oriented software system, advanced management program, advanced manned penetrator, advanced multipurpose, aircraft/missile project, altitude manned penetrator, annual material plan, army mine planter, assisted maintenance period, aviation modernization program, avionics modernization program, Analysis of Mobility Platform (model)

5) Техника: Association of microelectronic professionals, accident management procedures, active medium propagation, adenosine monophosphate, avalanche mode photodiode, average melting point

6) Шутливое выражение: Another Mpeg Page

7) Ветеринария: Americans for Medical Progress

8) Музыка: Alternative Music Pub

9) Телекоммуникации: Administrative Module Processor, амплитуда, Active Monitor Present (Token Ring)

10) Сокращение: Advanced Management Program (at W. F. Bolger Management Academy and others), Advanced Modular Processor, Air Member for Personnel, Aircraft Mishap Prevention programme (USA), Airlift Master Plan, Area Mail Processing, Army Modernization Plan (US Army), Automated Mission Planning, Aviation Modernization Plan (US Army)

11) Вычислительная техника: Advanced Metal Powder, асимметричная мультипроцессорная обработка

12) Нефть: average market price

13) Генетика: АМФ (нуклеотид, состоящий из аденина, рибозы и одного остатка фосфорной кислоты, в результате фосфорилирования образует АДФ и затем АТФ, что сопровождается накоплением энергии; одной из форм А. является циклический АМФ), аденозинмонофосфат

14) Фирменный знак: Advanced Media Productions

15) СМИ: All Media Pass, Association of Media Producers, Audio Media Productions

16) Образование: Activity Motivation Program

17) Сетевые технологии: Active Measurement Program, Archive Management Package, asymmetric multiprocessing, asymmetrical multiprocessing

18) Полимеры: acrylic multipolymer, adenosinemonophosphate, aminomethylpropane

19) Авиационная медицина: adenosine-5'-monophosphate

1) Компьютерная техника: Audio Mpeg Player, Automated Modular Platform

2) Авиация: Программа технического обслуживания ВС (Aircraft Maintenance Programme), Airline Maintenance Procedure

3) Морской термин: Alternative Maritime Power

4) Военный термин: Acquisition Master Plan, Allied Mining and Mine Countermeasures Publication, American Military Police, Amplification, Army Military Police, Army Mobilization Plan, Army Modernization Plan, Army materiel plan, Automated Message Processing, acquisition management plan, adaptive microwave proximity, additional military production, advanced Minuteman platform, advanced Minuteman platform AMOSS, adaptive mission oriented software system, advanced management program, advanced manned penetrator, advanced multipurpose, aircraft/missile project, altitude manned penetrator, annual material plan, army mine planter, assisted maintenance period, aviation modernization program, avionics modernization program, Analysis of Mobility Platform (model)

5) Техника: Association of microelectronic professionals, accident management procedures, active medium propagation, adenosine monophosphate, avalanche mode photodiode, average melting point

6) Шутливое выражение: Another Mpeg Page

7) Ветеринария: Americans for Medical Progress

8) Музыка: Alternative Music Pub

9) Телекоммуникации: Administrative Module Processor, амплитуда, Active Monitor Present (Token Ring)

10) Сокращение: Advanced Management Program (at W. F. Bolger Management Academy and others), Advanced Modular Processor, Air Member for Personnel, Aircraft Mishap Prevention programme (USA), Airlift Master Plan, Area Mail Processing, Army Modernization Plan (US Army), Automated Mission Planning, Aviation Modernization Plan (US Army)

11) Вычислительная техника: Advanced Metal Powder, асимметричная мультипроцессорная обработка

12) Нефть: average market price

13) Генетика: АМФ (нуклеотид, состоящий из аденина, рибозы и одного остатка фосфорной кислоты, в результате фосфорилирования образует АДФ и затем АТФ, что сопровождается накоплением энергии; одной из форм А. является циклический АМФ), аденозинмонофосфат

14) Фирменный знак: Advanced Media Productions

15) СМИ: All Media Pass, Association of Media Producers, Audio Media Productions

16) Образование: Activity Motivation Program

17) Сетевые технологии: Active Measurement Program, Archive Management Package, asymmetric multiprocessing, asymmetrical multiprocessing

18) Полимеры: acrylic multipolymer, adenosinemonophosphate, aminomethylpropane

19) Авиационная медицина: adenosine-5'-monophosphate

1) система || системный

2) вычислительная система

3) вчт операционная система; программа-супервизор

4) система уравнений

5) вчт большая программа

6) метод; способ; алгоритм

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- system for event evaluation and review

- system for interactive design

- system of demand equations

- system of units

- system on glass

- 2-2-4 system

- 4-2-4 system

- 4-4-4 system

- absolutely centralized computer system

- access control list system

- accounting system

- Accutrack 400 system

- action logic system

- action-translation system

- active array antenna system

- active night-vision system

- activity-based costing system

- adaptive control system

- adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

- ADE system

- adjoint system

- aerial system

- aerospace support system

- AEW system

- AGS system

- airborne early-warning system

- airborne warning and control system

- airborne weather radar system

- aircraft collision avoidance system

- airfield communication system

- air-traffic control system

- air-traffic control radar-beacon system

- airways environmental radar information system

- alignment-and-exposure system

- all-weather guidance system

- all-weather landing system

- alpha system

- alpha reinforcement system

- alternation-product block-cipher system

- analog protection system

- Andrew file system

- antenna-ground system

- antishock system

- antiskip system

- applet file system

- application control and management system

- application development system

- Armstrong frequency-modulation system

- ASR system

- asymmetric cryptographic system

- asynchronous address communication system

- asynchronous-multiplex system

- ATC system

- attached processor system

- attended system

- A-type Dolby system

- A-type professional Dolby system

- audio system

- audio noise-reduction Dolby system

- audiovisual system

- author system

- authoring system

- automated design engineering system

- automated vision system

- automatic coding system

- automatic computer-controlled electronic scanning system

- automatic control system

- automatic data processing system

- automatic degaussing system

- automatic degaussing control system

- automatic digital encoding system

- automatic gain stabilization system

- automatic intercept system

- automatic noise-reduction system

- automatic program search system

- automatic programmable logic array synthesis system

- automatic radio direction-finding system

- automatic speech-recognition system

- automatic stabilization and control system

- automatic tape calibration system

- automatic-telephone system

- automatic test system

- automatic tuning system

- automatic vacuum deposition system

- automobile navigation system

- autonomous system

- avionics system

- aware system

- balance-line system

- ballistic-missile early-warning system

- band-limited system

- bandwidth compression system

- BAR system

- bare-bones system

- base station system

- baseband radar system

- basic input/output system

- batch-processing system

- Batten system

- BCF system

- beam-current feedback system

- beam-forming system

- beam-guidance system

- beam-rider control system

- beep-only system

- beep-plus-voice system

- billing system

- binary system

- binary number system

- bit-serial system

- blind approach beacon system

- bridge duplex system

- broadcast television system

- B-type Dolby system

- B-type simplified Dolby system

- building-block CAD system

- built-in expert system

- bus system

- business information system

- cable distribution system

- cable modem termination system

- CACE system

- CAD system

- CADIC system

- CAE system

- call queuing system

- calorimeter system

- carrier system

- carrier-communication system

- carrier-telegraph system

- case-based expert system

- CATV system

- CD-4 system

- celestial coordinate system

- celestial guidance system

- cellular radio system

- central-battery system

- central-control system

- central nervous system

- centralized automatic trouble-location system

- centralized computer system

- CF system

- CGS system

- CGS electromagnetic system

- CGS electrostatic system

- chaff communication system

- Chain Home radar system

- chain rdr system

- chaotic system

- chirp radar system

- CH radar system

- ciphertext autokey system

- Civis system

- classifier system

- closed bus system

- closed-circuit television system

- closed-cycle control system

- closed-loop control system

- closed-loop servo system

- cloud and collision warning system

- clutter rejection system

- CMY system

- CMYK system

- coarse-fine system

- code addressed system

- coherent carriers system

- coherent spread-spectrum system

- collision avoidance system

- color management system

- COM system

- command system

- command and control system

- command-driven system

- command guidance system

- command-line operating system

- common system

- common carrier system

- common Internet file system

- common timing system

- communication system

- communications and tracking system

- communications switching system

- community antenna television system

- compact-disk file system

- compatible color television system

- compatible single-sideband system

- compatible stereo system

- compatible stereo-quadraphonic record system

- compatible time-sharing system

- complete residue system

- complex system

- composite guidance system

- compound interferometer system

- computer system

- computer-aided control engineering system

- computer-aided design and test system

- computer-aided engineering system

- computer-aided IC design system

- computer-aided retrieval system

- computer-aided voice wiring system

- computer-assisted radar display system

- computer-augmented oscilloscope system

- computer-based expert system

- computer-based photoelectric-counting system

- computer-controlled system

- computer-controlled electron-beam system

- computer-controlled recording system

- computer output microfilm system

- computer process control system

- computer vision system

- computing system

- configurable system

- configurable business system

- connected-speech recognition system

- connectionist system

- conservative system

- constant-frequency variable-dot system

- content scrambling system

- continuous presence system

- continuous-wave tracking system

- control system

- conversational system

- conversational program system

- Cook system

- cooling system

- cooperative system

- coordinate system

- copy generation management system

- correlated orientation tracking and range system

- correlation tracking system

- correlation tracking and triangulation system

- cotar system

- cotat system

- countermeasure system

- CPsystem

- crossband system

- crossbar system

- cross-development system

- crossed-coincident microphone system

- cryptographic system

- crystal system

- CSR system

- C-type Dolby system

- cubic crystal system

- current awareness system

- customer information control system

- data system

- data-acquisition system

- data-banking system

- database management system

- database management system for workgroups

- data-collection system

- data collection and reduction system

- data communication system

- data-compression system

- data-gathering system

- data-handling system

- data management system

- data-processing system

- data reduction system

- data-retrieval system

- data-transmission system

- dc diode sputtering system

- dc self-synchronous system

- dc triode sputter deposition system

- DDC system

- decentralized computer system

- decimal system

- decimal number system

- decision support system

- dedicated system

- deep submicron system

- defense message system

- descriptor-based protection system

- DEW system

- df antenna system

- diagnostic information system

- dial telephone switching system

- differential duplex system

- differential global positioning system

- Diffie-Hellman system

- digital system

- digital access and cross-connect system

- digital cellular system

- digital cellular system 1800 MHz

- digital data-handling system

- digital link management system

- digital private network signaling system

- Digital Research disk operating system

- digital switching system

- digital television system

- digital voice communication system

- direct-challenge system

- direct-dialing telephone system

- direct-digital control system

- direct-feedback system

- direct program search system

- direction-finder antenna system

- directory assistance system

- direct-sequence system

- direct-spread system

- disaster tolerant disk system

- discrete-address beacon system

- discrete-addressed beacon system

- discrete dynamic system

- discrete-parameter system

- discrete sound system

- discriminating-call system

- discriminating-ring system

- disk operating system

- disperse system

- display system

- dissipative system

- distant early-warning system

- distributed system

- distributed control system

- distributed data base management system

- distributed file system

- distributed information processing system

- distributed-parameter system

- distributed-processing system

- distributed software system

- document preparation system

- document viewing system

- Dolby system

- Dolby A system

- Dolby AC-3 system

- Dolby B system

- Dolby C system

- Dolby Digital system

- Dolby Headroom Extension Pro system

- Dolby HX Pro system

- Dolby Noise Reduction system

- Dolby NR system

- Dolby S system

- Dolby Spectral system

- Dolby Surround system

- Dolby Surround Pro-Logic system

- domain name system

- domestic satellite communication system

- Doppler inertial system

- dot-sequential system

- dot-sequential color-television system

- double capstan system

- dp system

- DS system

- dual fail-safe system

- duplex system

- duplicated system

- dynamic system

- early-warning system

- Earth-satellite-Earth communication system

- Edison power distribution system

- educational expert system

- effective technical and human implementation of computer-based systems

- eight-track cartridge system

- electromechanically driven projection system

- electron beam deflection system

- electron-beam exposure system

- electronic countermeasures system

- electronic data-processing system

- electronic document management system

- electronic funds transfer system

- electronic guidance system

- electronic identification system

- electronic mail system

- electronic meeting system

- electronic performance support system

- electronic-scanning system

- electronic scanning radar system

- electronic switching system

- electronic tracking system

- electron-optical system

- electrooptic light-modulation system

- e-mail system

- embedded system

- emergent system

- end system

- enhanced digital access communications system

- enhanced total access communication system

- enterprise system

- enterprise network management system

- entry-level system

- EOLM system

- equatorial satellite communication system

- equatorial-orbit satellite communication system

- equilibrium system

- equivalent four-wire system

- error-correcting reinforcement system

- error-correcting telegraph system

- error-detecting and feedback system